Sources & Further Reading

Websites & Organizations

• Tom Sloper and sloperama.com
• The National Mah Jongg League
• Skill Building Wednesdays With Debbie
• The Mahjong tile set — mahjongtilesset.co.uk
• Online Mah Jong Museum
• Online Books Library
• Jewish Museum, Milwaukee
• TradGames.org.uk

Books

• “Babcock’s Rules for Mah Jongg – The Red Book of Rules” 2nd Edition by Joseph P. Babcock, published by the Mah Jongg Sales Company of America, C 1923
• The Game of Ma-JONG, Its Origin and Significance by Stewart Culin, The Brooklyn Museum Quarterly, OCTOBER 1924, Vol. 11, No. 4
• “Foster on Mah Jong” by Robert F. Foster, published by Dodd, Mead & Company, New York, copyright 1924
• The Red Dragon & The West Wind: The Winning Guide to Official Chinese & American Mah-Jongg, Tom Sloper, 2007
• Mahjong: A Chinese Game and the Making of Modern American Culture by Annelise Heinz. Copyright 2021 by Oxford University Press
• Mahjong Made Easy – NMJL 2024
• The Ultimate Beginner’s Guide to American Mah Jongg, Linda Moore, 2025

Academic Articles & Journalism

• “Rise and Present Peril of Mah Jong”, Helen Bullitt Lowry, New York Times August 10, 1924
• Old Game by M. Singer et al; The New Yorker, October 2, 1937
• Performing Mahjong in the 1920s: White Women, Chinese Americans, and the Fear of Cultural Seduction by Annelise Heinz, Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies, Vol. 37, No. 1 (2016), pp. 32–65
• “Maid’s Day Off”: Leisured Domesticity in the Mid-Twentieth-Century United States, Annelise Heinz, American Historical Review, 2019
• White Women and the Mahjong Craze, Livia Gershon, JSTOR Daily 2021
• THE SYMBOLISM OF THE MAHJONG TILES, Ron van ’t Veer, 2023
• “Strategy, Ritual, And Connection: How Mahjong Continues To Gain Traction,” Kate Hardcastle, Forbes, April 19, 2025